Abstract
<jats:p>The article presents the results of a study of team interaction in group routines of rhythmic gymnastics as a multi-level phenomenon that determines performance effectiveness. Team interaction is considered as an integrated system in which structural, psychological, and behavioral characteristics of joint activity are coordinated. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of team interaction and to determine its relationship with performance effectiveness in group routines of rhythmic gymnastics. Methods: theoretical analysis of scientific literature, sociometric method, questionnaire survey, Leary's interpersonal diagnosis technique, expert evaluation, and methods of mathematical statistics (descriptive statistics and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient). The study included the analysis of interaction at both individual and team levels, which ensured a comprehensive interpretation of the results. The results showed that the team with a more balanced and structurally organized interaction demonstrated higher performance effectiveness: the total deductions were 3.68 points compared with 4.48 points in the other team. The main differences between the teams were observed in synchronization, collective work, and spatial organization of routines, which directly reflect the quality of interaction. It was found that a cooperation-oriented interaction model (support — 4.87; cooperation — 4.53) ensures more stable joint activity. At the same time, the absence of statistically significant correlations does not indicate the lack of relationships but rather reflects their systemic and non-linear nature across different levels of interaction. The findings confirm that team interaction functions as an integrated system rather than a set of isolated indicators. Scientific novelty lies in identifying the multi-level structure of team interaction in group routines of rhythmic gymnastics and substantiating its systemic relationship with performance effectiveness, which expands the understanding of joint action mechanisms in aesthetic sports. Practical significance is associated with the possibility of applying the results in coaching practice to optimize team composition, improve interaction between athletes, and enhance performance quality through targeted development of synchronization and cooperation.</jats:p>