Abstract
<jats:p>This article examines the theoretical and practical foundations of developing independent thinking skills among primary school students. The author analyzes the impact of collaborative approaches, modular learning technologies, and interactive methods on students’ cognitive activities. Drawing on L.S. Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory of development, the study substantiates the role of cooperation and communication in fostering independent thinking. The article identifies existing pedagogical challenges, including the limitations of traditional teaching methods and insufficient methodological support. The systematic and consistent application of modern pedagogical technologies is recommended as a solution to these challenges.</jats:p>