Abstract
<jats:p>Burn injuries in children and newborns remain a major global health problem and continue to cause significant morbidity, mortality, and long-term disability. The majority of pediatric burns occur in domestic environments, with scald injuries being the most common mechanism in toddlers and infants, while flame-related burns are more frequently observed in older children and adolescents. Neonates are uniquely vulnerable to burn injuries due to immature skin barrier function, limited thermoregulation, and reduced physiological reserves. Even brief exposure to moderate heat sources may result in deep tissue injury during the neonatal period. Physiological immaturity in newborns, including impaired vascular autoregulation and reduced cardiac output, limits effective heat dissipation and increases the risk of extensive tissue damage. In critically ill neonates, compromised perfusion and immature immune responses further exacerbate burn-related complications. These age-specific differences necessitate a tailored approach to assessment, resuscitation, wound management, and rehabilitation. This chapter provides a comprehensive and up-to-date review of burn management in children and newborns, focusing on epidemiology, pathophysiology, classification, acute management, surgical intervention, nutritional support, rehabilitation, and prevention strategies. Emphasis is placed on age-specific clinical considerations and evidence-based practices aimed at improving survival and long-term functional outcomes.</jats:p>