Abstract
<jats:p>The relentless rise of weed resistance, coupled with growing environmental concerns regarding traditional herbicide use, has ignited a quest for innovative solutions, particularly through the application of nanomaterials. This paper thoroughly reviews how these cutting-edge materials can enhance herbicide efficiency and effectively target weeds in agricultural systems. Nanomaterials – comprising nanoparticles, nanocapsules, and nanoemulsions – demonstrate impressive capabilities. They provide controlled release, improved solubility, and heightened absorption by plants, making them valuable tools in crop protection. By enabling precise application methods, these formulations allow for a reduction in herbicide dosage while simultaneously increasing overall weed control effectiveness. Moreover, the advent of nanotechnology ushers in the possibility of herbicide carriers that release active compounds in a controlled manner. This refinement not only minimizes environmental contamination but also helps counteract the emergence of herbicide-resistant weed species. In our review, we explore the various types of nanomaterials, their synthesis techniques, and their practical applications in weed management. Additionally, we address environmental impacts, safety considerations, and the potential hurdles in incorporating nanotechnology into agricultural practices. Our findings indicate that nanomaterial-based herbicides present promising alternatives for sustainable weed management, emphasizing a crucial need for development to enhance their efficacy in real-world agricultural contexts. Finally, we highlight the challenges and prospects for the development of nanomaterial-based herbicides. Continual research plays a key role in enhancing formulation stability and boosting effectiveness. It also drives cost-efficiency while creating regulatory frameworks that promote safe practices. Nanomaterial-based herbicides have promising potential to advance weed management and encourage sustainable farming practices.</jats:p>