Abstract
<jats:p>The article presents the first comprehensive study of a stamped ceramic vessel dated to the 11th–13th centuries AD (Seljuk period), discovered at Alisha Fortress (Astara) in southeastern Azerbaijan. The vessel was handmade from moderately levigated clay with fine sand temper; it is characterized by a deep body, thick walls, and a tapering base. The exterior surface is decorated with nine distinct stamped geometric motifs, including circles, rhombi, and linear combinations. In addition to traditional methods, the study employs non-destructive X-ray computed tomography (CT) analysis, which allowed for the examination of the internal structure and wall thickness variability, confirming the hand-built forming technique. Comparative analysis with materials from the South Caucasus (Shabran, Beshbarmag, Shamakhi), as well as from Khorezm and Khorasan, indicates that the decorative scheme belongs to the broader regional repertoire of the Seljuk period. At the same time, the unsystematic (non-frieze) arrangement of stamps reflects a local adaptation of the tradition, differing from the products of major craft centers. Comparison with later Golden Horde ceramics from Saraychik demonstrates long-term technological continuity in the production of stamped pottery alongside significant evolution in decorative schemes. The study contributes new data to the investigation of regional craft practices and the development of ceramic production in medieval Azerbaijan. The vessel represents a rare example of stamped pottery characterized by a simplified, non-frieze arrangement of motifs and technological features indicative of local handmade production. To date, no direct parallels have been identified in the published materials from Azerbaijan.</jats:p>