Abstract
<jats:p>Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is one of the most widespread and epizootiologically important viral pathogens causing respiratory tract diseases in calves. The infection is characterized by high contagiousness, seasonal outbreaks, and the development of severe clinical manifestations in young animals, resulting in significant economic losses in cattle production. This review article summarizes and analyzes published national and international scientific data on the biological characteristics of BRSV, its genomic organization, replication mechanisms, and the role of individual viral proteins in disease pathogenesis. In addition, the epidemiological patterns of virus circulation, clinical manifestations, and immunopathological processes determining disease severity are discussed. Particular attention is given to the high susceptibility of young calves, the impact of maternally derived antibodies on the development of immune responses, and the ability of BRSV to predispose animals to secondary bacterial infections. The paper also outlines the main approaches to the control and prevention of BRSV infection, including biosecurity measures and the improvement of vaccination strategies. The presented overview highlights the importance of an integrated approach to the effective management and prevention of respiratory diseases in cattle populations. </jats:p>