Abstract
<jats:p>Integration of offshore energy systems have been discussed by a number of recent works (e.g., McKenna et al., 2021; Wiegner et al., 2024) that emphasize importance of utilizing multiple offshore energy sources including hydrocarbons and various renewable energy systems in shared spaces. Offshore Energy Hubs, sometimes referred to as Energy Islands, have been envisioned as a future solution for sustainable energy production that allows reduction of greenhouse gas emission (Lüth & Keles, 2024). Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is considered essential for addressing the substantial emissions produced by energy-intensive processes which cannot be easily substituted. Key areas for offshore CCS in mature hydrocarbon basins often share space with existing energy infrastructure. Besides the infrastructures specifically related to hydrocarbons and renewable energy, the offshore domain may contain an array of telecommunication and power cables, coastal infrastructure, and sediment/mineral mining activities. Successful deployment of CCS infrastructure alongside other offshore energy systems, particularly in infrastructure-dense areas, will require detailed design and planning to minimize risk and ensure safe operations.</jats:p> <jats:p>Offshore oil and gas remain a major stable source of energy, and colocation of offshore CCS with existing hydrocarbon exploration and production appears to be a logical step towards reduction of greenhouse gases. Depleted offshore reservoirs provide suitable storage for CO2, potentially away from important groundwater resources. Development and operation of CCS facilities would rely on similar activities as those used in the offshore oil and gas sector, such as conducting seismic surveys, drilling wells, installation of pipelines and umbilical, and constructing and maintaining offshore platforms. Existing infrastructure may also be repurposed in order to reduce costs, optimize delivery, and limit environmental impacts.</jats:p>