Abstract
<jats:p>Alpine ecosystems are distinguished by nutrient-poor soils and low temperatures, short growing seasons, and harsh environmental conditions that have strong influence on plant growth and survival. Soil nutrient dynamics, especially the cycling of carbon (C) and the nutrients (N), play a central role in controlling the productivity, diversity and resilience of alpine vegetation. Microbial communities are important mediators of nutrient transformations that influence nutrient availability under the conditions of limited decomposition and mineralization. This chapter discusses the role of soil microbes, nutrient constraints and biogeochemical processes in determining plant distribution in the alpine communities. It highlights how changes in C and N cycling with climate change affect vegetation resilience and ecosystem functioning. This chapter provides evidence-based insights into soil–plant interactions and the role of microbes in enhancing biodiversity and informing conservation strategies to improve nutrient stability in alpine landscapes.</jats:p>