Abstract
<jats:p>The article is dedicated to the lexico-semantic classification of realia in M. A. Sholokhov’s novel “And Quiet Flows the Don”, which shape the linguistic worldview of the Don Cossacks. The aim of this research is to determine the role of linguacultural realia in creating the artistic worldview of the Don Cossacks in Sholokhov’s novel. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the authors’ proposed classification of realia, which describes the lexical distinctiveness of the studied work. Additionally, the article presents the first corpus of realia from “And Quiet Flows the Don” (762 linguacultural units), where a quantitative count of all types of realia (geographical, sociopolitical, ethnographic) was conducted. The obtained results confirm that the frequency of certain types of realia shapes the unique artistic world of the novel: ethnographic realia constitute the most numerous group (57.7%), playing a key role in depicting the daily life of the Don Cossacks; geographical realia (25.6%) occupy an intermediate position and fulfill a philosophical-symbolic function, while sociopolitical realia (16.7%) are the least represented and primarily serve for chronological contextualization of events in the novel.</jats:p>