Abstract
<jats:p>Статья посвящена образным сравнениям, компонентом семантической структуры которых являются параметры «цвет» и «форма», их особенности в алтайских и хакасских героических сказаниях. Впервые рассматривается зависимость от параметра некоторых структурных и семантических свойств и особенностей функционирования образных сравнений в сказаниях алтайцев и хакасов: 1) вербальная выраженность / невыраженность параметра как компонента семантической структуры сравнения; 2) именной / глагольный тип конструкции; 3) возможность переосмысления семантики. Выявлено, что параметр «цвет» часто вербализован.</jats:p> <jats:p>In the following article, we analyze figurative comparisons which include the concepts of ‘color’ and ‘shape’ in their semantic structures, as well as their specific traits in Altai and Khakas heroic epics. For the first time, we examine the relationship between these parameters and certain structural and semantic traits of Altai and Khakas figurative comparisons: 1) verbal expression / non-expression of the parameter as a component of figurative comparison structure; 2) verbal / nominative type of construction; 3) possibility of reinterpretation. For example, we show that ‘color’ is often verbalized. Comparisons including ‘color’ can be either verbal or nominative, and their semantics are frequently reinterpreted. They are used to describe the epic characters’ appearance, age, and emotional states. ‘Shape’ is usually not expressed verbally. Comparisons including ‘shape’ are overwhelmingly nominative, and are rarely reinterpreted. In general, comparisons of images of the Altai and Khakan cultures are similar, differing only in specific sets of comparative examples. Khakas epics in particular tend to hyperbolize specific traits of comparison subjects in which they exceed the imagined standard. The relevance of our study stems from the need in analysis of comparative constructions in Siberian Turkic languages, their formal and semantic structures, and their functioning in epics.</jats:p>