Antioxidant properties of thioctic acid combined with metformin, sitagliptin and rosuvastatin in diabetic rats, Антиоксидантні властивості тіоктової кислоти в поєднанні з метформіном, ситагліптином та розувастатином за умов експериментального цукрового діабету у щурів

<jats:p>Background. Disturbance in the balance between pro- and antioxidants in favor of the formation of da­mage is called oxidative damage or oxidative stress. Oxidative stress has been classified into three categories: mild, in which tissues are constantly exposed; moderate, caused by increased stress from external sources, such as radiation, which can lead to DNA damage, hence the need for prevention; and intense stress that results in permanent damage, as occurs in a severe heart attack. The purpose of the current study was to assess the antioxidant effects of thioctic acid alone and in combination with sitagliptin, metformin, and rosuvastatin in both normal and diabetic rats. Materials and methods. Forty-five rats were randomly divided into normal control (n = 5), negative control (n = 5) and diabetic (n = 35) groups submitted to the following treatment: sitagliptin 1 mg/kg, metformin 10 mg/kg, thioctic acid 10 mg/kg, rosuvastatin 0.2 mg/kg, combination of thioctic acid 10 mg/kg plus sitagliptin 1 mg/kg, combination of thioctic acid 10 mg/kg plus metformin 10 mg/kg and combination of thioctic acid 10 mg/kg plus rosuvastatin 0.2 mg/kg. Results. There was an improvement in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in diabetic animals after exposure to the four compounds. Thioctic acid enhanced the inhibitory effect of metformin, sitagliptin, and rosuvastatin on alanine and aspartate aminotransferase activities in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats. In addition, thioctic acid enhanced the stimulatory effects of metformin, sitagliptin, and rosuvastatin on superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activities in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats. Conclusions. Thioctic acid, metformin, sitagliptin, and rosuvastatin reduced the enzymatic activities of alanine and aspartate aminotransferase in diabetic animals. There was an improvement in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in diabetic animals after exposure to the four compounds. Thioctic acid enhances the effects of metformin, sitagliptin, and rosuvastatin, which in turn may reduce the pathological processes induced in diabetic animals.</jats:p>