Abstract
<jats:p>Flame- or fire-retardant materials are crucial and valuable when enhancing the flame-retardant properties of materials or compositions that are prone to fire and/or easily combustible. Due to their nature, flame retardants are available in various forms and compositions spanning from organic to inorganic compounds. These compounds can be used individually or in combination as hybrid materials to enhance the flame-retardancy of other materials that are physically and chemically susceptible to fire. When used as hybrid materials, these materials exhibit significantly improved flame-retardant properties. Flame-retardants are widely used in various fields to enhance fire resistance across a broad range of materials and applications. Fire-resistant materials are primarily used in synthetic and/or natural polymers to produce composites with enhanced flame resistance. There is a plethora of characterisation techniques and tests that can be used to determine the fire-resistance properties of a composition incorporating a fire-retardant material. This chapter covers various aspects of flame-resistant materials, including their chemical and physical properties, recent industrial applications, and testing methodologies.</jats:p>