Abstract
<jats:p>Mariculture is an activity primarily focused on producing aquatic food, and many people living along the coast depend on it for their livelihood and income. Due to population growth and rising demand for seafood products, it has rapidly expanded. Maricultural activities discharge particulate organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, antibiotics, and hormones into the marine ecosystem. Large areas of mangrove and coastal regions have been converted into shrimp and fish ponds. It also has unintended predation impacts on non-target species. These have the potential to alter, destroy, or disrupt habitat, trophic structures, disease transmission, and genetic capabilities. As a result, mariculture affects biodiversity, which will be reflected in the supply of ecosystem services. Mariculture development must be sustained to promise economic and environmental benefits.</jats:p>