Abstract
<jats:p>The main purpose of the article is to explore the deep anthropological prerequisites that shape science as an integral element of world culture and society. We strive to reveal how the inherent human traits — cognitive interest, the desire to streamline reality, the need for explanation and prediction — are the fundamental driving forces of scientific development. The article focuses on the inextricable link between human nature and the nature of scientific knowledge, considering science not just as a system of knowledge, but also as an anthropologically determined way of interacting with the world. The research methodology is based on an interdisciplinary approach synthesizing data from philosophy of science, anthropology, sociology, and history. Both classical and modern concepts concerning the nature of scientific knowledge and its place in culture are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the hermeneutic analysis of texts revealing the anthropological conditionality of scientific paradigms, as well as a comparative analysis of scientific traditions of various cultural contexts. The results of the study demonstrate that the anthropological specificity of man is not only a prerequisite, but also a constant factor influencing the formation and evolution of scientific knowledge. The structure of human thinking, its cognitive limitations and features, value orientations and social needs are directly reflected in the methodology, subject matter and interpretation of scientific results. Science, being a product of the human mind, not only learns about the world, but also transforms it in accordance with anthropological imperatives. The research prospects include a deeper study of the influence of ethnocultural characteristics on the formation of scientific schools and trends, as well as the development of anthropologically oriented models of scientific education and communication. Understanding the anthropological foundations of science opens up new opportunities for diagnosing and overcoming crisis phenomena in the scientific field, strengthening its role in modern society and ensuring the sustainable development of world culture.</jats:p>