Abstract
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>The chapter presents a psycholinguistic approach to studying grammatical gender in Bayso, an endangered Cushitic language of Ethiopia. Previous research has primarily focused on Indo-European languages in laboratory settings, but this chapter reports a study that extends the research to an African language in a fieldwork setting. Through two picture-word interference experiments, including bare noun and gender-marked demonstratives plus noun productions, the study investigated the effect of gender congruency in Bayso. The findings from the experiment on gender-marked demonstratives plus noun naming reveal the presence of a gender-congruency effect in the language. In general, psycholinguistic experiments in real-world settings in remote, under-resourced rural areas emphasize the importance of integrating underrepresented languages into psycholinguistic research to deepen our understanding of language processing.</jats:p>